Exploring Strategies For Striding Across "Green Trade Barriers"
In recent years, with the acceleration of the process of economic globalization and the rapid development of international trade, trade competition among countries has reached a level of white hot.
Technical barriers to trade, especially green trade barriers, have increasingly become the main barriers and barriers to the development of international trade.
The so-called green trade barrier means that importing countries aim to protect the ecological environment, natural resources and human health by making various environmental protection (Technology) regulations, standards and conformity assessment procedures.
commodity
Restrictions on entry.
Because of differences in technology, environmental protection level and economic development level, for developing countries, green trade barriers set up by developed countries are a trade barrier which is not easy to cross.
Therefore, in essence, green trade barriers are developed countries using technology advantages to restrict trade protection measures from developing countries.
But we must soberly realize that since the green trade barrier is a trade measure consistent with the principles of international law and the WTO rules, developing countries should take the initiative to meet challenges, study relevant rules and strive to surmount green trade barriers.
At present, the green trade barriers faced by textiles include: Eco textile standards (including International Eco textile standards - Oeko-tex Standard 100), green signs and green technology regulations.
As eco textiles represent a new trend in global consumption and production, Oeko-Tex Standard l00 has become a green passport for the production and circulation of eco textiles throughout the world.
Under this background, we should explore the spanning ecology.
textile
The policy of such a new type of "green trade barrier" is of great significance.
Oeko-Tex Standard l00 is formulated and revised by the International Association for Textile Ecology Research and testing (Oeko-Tex).
Since its introduction in 1992, the standard has been revised annually and has become the most influential and authoritative technical standard of ecological textiles in the world.
Oeko-Tex Standard l00 emphasizes the ecological safety of the product in order to limit harmful chemicals in the final products of textiles.
The criteria for limiting harmful substances or items are: pH, formaldehyde, sensitizing dyes, carcinogenic dyes, heavy metals, pesticides, phthalic acid two esters, color fastness, volatility, odor testing, etc.
If the textile meets the requirements specified in the standard, the manufacturer can authorize the suspension of Oeko-Tex Standard 100 registration label on the product.
The certificate is valid for one year and can be renewed after expiration.
The advantages of Oeko-Tex Standard l00 are mainly reflected in its implementation of open and voluntary application principles, which is consistent with WTO's non discriminatory, pparent and open trade principles.
Oeko-Tex Standard l00 is a double-edged sword.
Its implementation is conducive to promoting the improvement of technology and product quality, promoting the orderly and sustainable development of international trade, and promoting the health of human beings and the environment. However, it is also easy to become a trade barrier for developing countries, resulting in the increase of textile costs and the decline of market competitiveness.
At present, China's textile standards mainly include: GB 18401-2010 "national textile product basic safety technical specification", GB/T 18885-2009 "ecological textile technical requirements", HJDZ 30-2000 "ecological textiles" and so on. In certification and evaluation, there are mainly CQC ecological textile products certification and eco textile product safety certification mark.
These textile standards and certification are extremely important for regulating and guiding the production and trade of Chinese textiles, protecting people's health and ecological environment.
However, it should be noted that the construction of China's textile green standard system still lags behind the requirements of international trade, mainly in the following aspects: (1) the formulation of standards does not take into account the actual performance of textiles and the practical needs in their applications; (2) the review and revision of standards are lagging behind, and the cycle is long; (3) the overall level of eco textile standards is not high, and the standards for safety and environmental protection are relatively low; (4) the status and efficiency of ecological textile standards are uncertain and the pparency is not high; (5) the adoption of International standards is not enough; (6) the coordination of ecological textiles standards is poor, and the harmonization of them is not uniform, so it is urgent to clean up.
Technical standard is the premise of ensuring product quality.
Under the existing legal framework, we should perfect our country.
Eco textile
The technical standard system is of great significance for improving the quality of China's textile ecological quality, enhancing the competitive power of the international market and breaking the technical barriers to foreign trade.
And laws and regulations, in order to establish our own textile ecological protection mechanism and textile green trade protection system: first, to clean up the existing textile standards and regulations, refer to the annual revision of Oeko-Tex Standard l00, and make or amend the mandatory standards of China's eco textiles according to the revised annual version of the Standard l00; two, improve the formulation and revision system of textile technical standards and make it conform to the international standards; the second is to strengthen exchanges with international relevant ecological testing and research institutions, to achieve mutual recognition, and to formulate our unified, standardized and international testing methods and standards as soon as possible, and to make them mandatory inspection; and the four is to actively participate in international standardization activities, so that China's textile and garment industry will gradually become the leader of international standards from the adoption of the international standard of eco textiles. We believe that according to the WTO/TBT agreement, we should improve the technical standards of eco textiles from the following aspects.
Extraterritorial experience tells us that carrying out eco textile certification is a more effective measure to overcome the green trade barriers of textiles.
Therefore, we should actively promote the international standard and certification system of ecological textiles, so as to drive the improvement of product quality and break through the green trade barriers.
First, promote international mutual recognition of ecological textiles to enhance product quality.
If a country's certification and accreditation fails to comply with international rules, its certification results will not be recognized internationally.
To this end, we should strengthen the construction of textile qualification assessment capability, carry out international mutual recognition, and enhance the international influence of China's textile conformity assessment agencies.
Two, we should reform and improve the certification system for ecological textiles.
In 2009, China promulgated the "compulsory product certification management regulations", and imposed a compulsory certification system on textiles related to people's health and safety, environmental protection and public safety.
However, there is a lack of voluntary product certification system.
Therefore, we should intensify the formulation of the "voluntary product certification management regulations", clarify the basic rules that should be observed in the textile voluntary certification, stipulate the applicable objects, application conditions, review standards and procedures, management agencies, dispute resolution, and legal responsibilities of the eco textile technical standard certification, and formulate specific implementation measures to ensure its implementation.
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Three is to strengthen the supervision of certification bodies.
At present, the textile certification body has an official body, a foreign certification branch, and a non-governmental organization with varying qualifications.
In this regard, we should formulate and improve the certification management rules based on international standards and strengthen supervision.
The four is to strengthen exchanges and cooperation with other countries.
In the negotiation of international treaty making and revision, we should prevent all attempts to set up green trade barriers and trade protectionism in order to safeguard national interests.
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